Overview of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
When it comes to materials with minimal thermal expansion, Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder is a true standout. If you’re working in industries such as aerospace, electronics, or precision instruments, this unique alloy is probably on your radar. Why? Because Invar 36 has an incredibly low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), which means it barely changes size when exposed to temperature variations. Imagine a material that stays stable in extreme heat or cold—sounds like a dream, right?
But why is this so important? Picture a telescope lens that shifts ever so slightly when it heats up, throwing off measurements by a fraction of a degree. That’s unacceptable in precision engineering. This is where Invar 36 comes into play, keeping things steady when temperature fluctuations would otherwise cause chaos.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore everything you need to know about Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder. From its composition and properties to its applications, specifications, และ การกำหนดราคา, we’ve got all the details covered. Whether you’re an engineer, a researcher, or just curious about innovative materials, read on to discover how Invar 36 can elevate your projects.
Composition and Key Properties of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
What Makes Up Invar 36?
The magic behind Invar 36’s unique properties lies in its carefully balanced iron-nickel composition. The alloy typically contains about 36% nickel, hence the name “Invar 36,” with the remaining composition primarily being iron. This balance is what gives the material its exceptional dimensional stability across a wide range of temperatures.
Here’s a closer look at the typical composition of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder:
| องค์ประกอบ | Percentage Composition |
|---|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 36% |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance (~64%) |
| คาร์บอน (c) | ≤ 0.05% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 0.60% |
| Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.35% |
| ซัลเฟอร์ | ≤ 0.01% |
| ฟอสฟอรัส (P) | ≤ 0.02% |
| โครเมียม (CR) | ≤ 0.25% |
Key Properties of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
What really sets Invar 36 apart from other materials is its incredibly low thermal expansion. However, that’s not the only trick up its sleeve. It also boasts excellent mechanical strength, good machinability, และ magnetic properties at lower temperatures. Let’s break down the most important properties:
| คุณสมบัติ | ค่า |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) | ~1.2 x 10^-6 /°C (between -100°C to 100°C) |
| ความหนาแน่น | 8.1 g/cm³ |
| การนำความร้อน | 10.2 W/m·K |
| แรงดึง | 490 MPa |
| ความแข็งแรงของผลผลิต | 240 MPa |
| จุดหลอมเหลว | 1430°C |
| ความต้านทานไฟฟ้า | 84 µΩ·cm |
Why These Properties Matter
- Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE): The standout feature of Invar 36 is its minimal thermal expansion. This makes it ideal for applications requiring high precision, where even the slightest dimensional change could lead to errors.
- แรงดึง: Despite its low expansion, Invar 36 is surprisingly strong, with a tensile strength of 490 MPa. This means it can withstand significant stress without deforming.
- Magnetic Properties: While Invar 36 is non-magnetic at higher temperatures, it exhibits ferromagnetic properties at lower temperatures, making it useful in specific magnetic shielding applications.
- ความสามารถกล: Although it’s an iron-nickel alloy, Invar 36 is relatively easy to machine, making it suitable for various manufacturing processes.
Applications of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
Where Is Invar 36 Used?
The unique properties of Invar 36 make it an indispensable material in industries where dimensional stability is critical. From aerospace to electronics and precision instruments, this material has found its way into some of the most demanding applications.
Common Applications by Industry
| อุตสาหกรรม | แอปพลิเคชัน |
|---|---|
| การบินและอวกาศ | Satellite components, telescope mirrors, precision instruments |
| อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ | Shadow masks for CRTs, precision springs, circuit boards |
| Optical Devices | Laser equipment, lens mounts, optical devices requiring extreme accuracy |
| Cryogenics | Components that operate at extremely low temperatures |
| Scientific Instruments | Precision measuring devices, interferometers, and other lab equipment |
| การผลิตไฟฟ้า | Components in turbines and generators that experience temperature fluctuations |
Aerospace: Stability for Satellites and Telescopes
In the aerospace industry, Invar 36 is often used in satellites and telescopes. Why? Because these applications require materials that won’t expand or contract significantly when exposed to the extreme temperatures of space. Imagine a satellite shifting just a tiny bit due to thermal expansion—that could lead to misalignment in critical systems. Invar 36 helps prevent these issues.
Electronics: Precision in Every Circuit
In the world of electronics, Invar 36 is used in shadow masks for cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and precision components like springs and circuit boards. The low thermal expansion ensures that electrical components stay in place, even when temperatures fluctuate, leading to longer-lasting, more reliable devices.
Cryogenics: Reliable Performance in the Coldest Conditions
Cryogenic systems operate at extremely low temperatures, where most materials become brittle or undergo significant dimensional changes. Invar 36, however, maintains its stability and strength, making it ideal for cryogenic components such as storage tanks, piping, and other equipment exposed to liquid nitrogen and helium.
Specifications, Sizes, and Standards for Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
When selecting Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder, it’s essential to understand the available specifications, sizes, และ standards. This ensures you’re getting the right material for your specific application, whether it’s for การผลิตสารเติมแต่ง, powder metallurgy, or coating applications.
Specifications and Sizes Available for Invar 36 Powder
| ข้อมูลจำเพาะ | รายละเอียด |
|---|---|
| ขนาดอนุภาค | 15-45 µm, 45-105 µm, 105-150 µm |
| ความบริสุทธิ์ | ≥ 99.0% |
| ความหนาแน่นจำนวนมาก | 4.5 – 5.0 g/cm³ |
| อัตราการไหล | 25 – 30 s/50g |
| Sphericity | > 0.95 |
| การนำความร้อน | 10.2 W/m·K |
| มาตรฐาน ISO | ISO 15156 (Materials for H2S environments) |
Why Specifications Matter
- ขนาดอนุภาค: The particle size of the powder can affect its flowability and packing density, which is critical for processes like การผลิตสารเติมแต่ง and powder metallurgy.
- ความบริสุทธิ์: High-purity powders (≥ 99.0%) ensure that the material performs consistently, especially in applications requiring dimensional stability and corrosion resistance.
- Sphericity: A high sphericity ensures excellent flowability and packing density, making it ideal for การพิมพ์ 3 มิติ and metal injection molding.
Suppliers and Pricing for Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
When sourcing Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder, it’s crucial to find a reliable supplier who can provide high-quality powder at a competitive price. Let’s take a look at some of the top suppliers and their current pricing.
Suppliers and Pricing Information for Invar 36 Powder
| ผู้จัดหา | Price Range (per kg) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Supplier A | $200 – $250 | Specializes in fine powder for additive manufacturing |
| Supplier B | $220 – $260 | Offers a wide range of particle sizes for powder metallurgy |
| Supplier C | $210 – $270 | Bulk pricing available for large industrial orders |
| Supplier D | $230 – $280 | Focuses on high-purity powders for precision instruments |
Factors Affecting Pricing
- ขนาดอนุภาค: Finer powders (15-45 µm) generally cost more due to the additional processing required to achieve the desired size and shape.
- ความบริสุทธิ์: High-purity powders tend to be more expensive, as they undergo additional refinement to remove impurities that could affect performance in sensitive applications.
- Bulk Orders: If you’re purchasing large quantities, many suppliers offer bulk discounts, which can significantly reduce the cost per kilogram.
Advantages and Limitations of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
Every material has its strengths and weaknesses, and Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder is no different. Let’s take a closer look at the advantages and limitations of using this unique alloy powder.
Advantages of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
| Advantage | Why It Matters |
|---|---|
| Minimal Thermal Expansion | Ensures dimensional stability in temperature-sensitive applications. |
| High Strength | Provides excellent mechanical properties, even at extreme temperatures. |
| Good Machinability | Can be easily machined, making it versatile for various manufacturing processes. |
| Magnetic Properties | Useful in applications requiring magnetic shielding. |
Limitations of Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
| Limitation | Why It Matters |
|---|---|
| High Cost | More expensive than other alloys, particularly when purity and specific particle sizes are required. |
| Limited to Specific Temperature Ranges | The low thermal expansion is most effective within a defined temperature range (-100°C to 100°C). |
| ความต้านทานการกัดกร่อน | While it performs well in certain environments, Invar 36 is not as corrosion-resistant as some other nickel-based alloys like Hastelloy. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder
If you still have questions about Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder, don’t worry. Below, we’ve answered some of the most commonly asked questions to help clarify any lingering doubts.
| คำถาม | คำตอบ |
|---|---|
| What is Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder used for? | It’s commonly used in aerospace, electronics, cryogenics, และ scientific instruments where dimensional stability is critical. |
| Why is Invar 36 special? | Its standout feature is its extremely low thermal expansion, making it ideal for precision applications where temperature fluctuations would cause issues in other materials. |
| Is Invar 36 magnetic? | Yes, Invar 36 exhibits ferromagnetic properties at lower temperatures, which can be useful in magnetic shielding applications. |
| How much does Invar 36 powder cost? | Prices typically range from $200 to $280 per kg, depending on particle size and purity. |
| Can Invar 36 be used in high-temperature applications? | Yes, it can handle temperatures up to 1430°C, but its low thermal expansion is most effective between -100°C and 100°C. |
| What industries benefit most from Invar 36 powder? | Industries like aerospace, electronics, cryogenics, และ precision instruments benefit the most due to the material’s dimensional stability and strength. |
บทสรุป
To wrap things up, Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder is a remarkable material that excels in applications requiring dimensional stability and low thermal expansion. Its unique balance of iron and nickel gives it properties that are hard to find in other materials, making it a go-to choice for industries like aerospace, electronics, และ cryogenics.
While it does come with a higher price tag compared to other alloys, the benefits it offers—such as precision, stability, และ strength—make it well worth the investment for many industries. Whether you’re designing a satellite, building a scientific instrument, or working on a cryogenic system, Invar 36 could be the key to ensuring your project’s success.
So, is Invar 36 Spherical Iron-Nickel Alloy Powder the right material for your next project? If dimensional stability and temperature resistance are your top priorities, then the answer is a resounding yes!