{"id":2363,"date":"2023-11-06T04:28:25","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T04:28:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/met3dp.com\/?p=2363"},"modified":"2023-11-06T04:29:20","modified_gmt":"2023-11-06T04:29:20","slug":"titanium-additive-manufacturing-20231106","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/titanium-additive-manufacturing-20231106\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is revolutionizing production across industries. This guide provides an in-depth look at AM technologies for titanium parts, including processes, materials, applications, post-processing, quality control, and more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Overview of <a href=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/danh-muc-san-pham\/3d-printing-metal-powder\/titanium-based-alloy-powder\/\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Titanium is a strong, lightweight metal ideal for high-performance applications like aerospace and medical. Additive manufacturing unlocks new design freedoms and customization potential with titanium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/th><th>Details<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Complex geometries<\/td><td>Intricate shapes not possible with machining<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nh\u1eb9<\/td><td>Lattice structures and topology optimization<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Part consolidation<\/td><td>Reduce assembly parts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Customization<\/td><td>Patient-specific medical devices<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shorter lead times<\/td><td>Rapid production directly from design<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>With falling costs and quality improvements, titanium AM adoption is accelerating.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Titanium Materials for AM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Various titanium alloys are used for additive manufacturing:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>H\u1ee3p kim<\/th><th>\u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5)<\/td><td>Most common. Balance of strength, ductility and corrosion resistance.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ti-6Al-4V ELI<\/td><td>Extra low interstitial. Improved ductility and fracture toughness.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ti-5553<\/td><td>High strength for aerospace components.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ti-1023<\/td><td>Good cold formability for fasteners.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al<\/td><td>Corrosion resistant alloy for medical use.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Powder characteristics like particle size distribution, morphology and purity are optimized for AM processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder.jpg\" alt=\"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan \" class=\"wp-image-2188\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder.jpg 600w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/FeCoNiCrMo-Powder-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">titanium additive manufacturing Process Methods<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Popular titanium AM techniques:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/th><th>S\u1ef1 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Powder Bed Fusion<\/td><td>Laser or electron beam melts powder layers<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Directed Energy Deposition<\/td><td>Focused heat source melts metal powder or wire<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Binder Jetting<\/td><td>Liquid bonding agent selectively joins powder particles<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Each process has specific advantages depending on the part application and requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Metal Powder Bed Fusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A powder bed is selectively melted by a heat source layer-by-layer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ki\u1ec3u<\/th><th>Details<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF)<\/td><td>Uses laser for melting. Higher resolution.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed tan ch\u1ea3y (EBM)<\/td><td>Electron beam heat source. Faster build rates.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>L-PBF allows finer features while EBM enables higher productivity. Both produce near-full density parts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Directed Energy Deposition<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Focused thermal energy is used to melt metal powder\/wire to deposit material layer-by-layer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/th><th>Ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Laser Metal Deposition<\/td><td>Laser beam<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia ch\u00f9m tia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td><td>Ch\u00f9m tia \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Laser Engineered Net Shaping<\/td><td>Laser beam<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>DED is often used to repair or add features to existing components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Binder Jetting Process<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Liquid bonding agent selectively joins layers of metal powder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Powder spreading \u2013 New layer of powder spread over build platform<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Binder jetting \u2013 Printhead deposits binder in desired pattern<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bonding \u2013 Binders bonds powder particles together<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Additional drying, curing and infiltration steps are used to achieve full density<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Binder jetting produces porous \u201cgreen\u201d parts that require sintering and infiltration to densify. It offers high-speed printing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AM Parameters for Titanium<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Key AM process parameters for titanium:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Tham s\u1ed1<\/th><th>Ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp<\/td><td>20-100 m<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Laser power (L-PBF)<\/td><td>150-500 w<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e9t<\/td><td>600-1200 mm\/s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Beam size<\/td><td>50-100 \u03bcm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u1edf<\/td><td>60-200 \u03bcm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Optimizing these parameters balances build speed, part quality, and material properties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Post-Processing of <a href=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/danh-muc-san-pham\/3d-printing-metal-powder\/titanium-based-alloy-powder\/\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan<\/a> Parts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Common post-processing steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/th><th>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Support removal<\/td><td>Remove support structures<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Surface machining<\/td><td>Improve surface finish<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Drilling and tapping<\/td><td>Add screw holes and threads<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N\u00f3ng isostatic nh\u1ea5n<\/td><td>Eliminate internal voids and porosity<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Surface treatments<\/td><td>Improve wear\/corrosion resistance<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Post-processing tailors the parts to meet final application requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Applications of titanium additive manufacturing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Key application areas for titanium AM parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/th><th>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Kh\u00f4ng gian v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/td><td>Structural brackets, engine parts, UAV components<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc<\/td><td>Orthopedic implants, surgical instruments<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00d4 t\u00f4<\/td><td>Lightweight auto parts, custom prototypes<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/td><td>Corrosion resistant fluid handling parts<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>D\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed<\/td><td>Valves, pumps for corrosive environments<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>AM enables innovative titanium component designs across demanding industries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quality Control for titanium additive manufacturing Parts<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Critical quality checks for titanium AM parts:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dimensional accuracy<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Measure against design using CMMs and 3D scanners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u00e1m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Quantify surface texture using profilometers.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 X-ray tomography to check for internal voids.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Confirm alloy grade using spectrometry techniques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Conduct tensile, fatigue, fracture toughness testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Non-destructive testing<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 X-ray, ultrasound, penetrant testing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac vi m\u00f4<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Metallography and microscopy to check for defects.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Comprehensive testing validates part quality for functional performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Global Suppliers of <a href=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/danh-muc-san-pham\/3d-printing-metal-powder\/titanium-based-alloy-powder\/\">S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Leading suppliers of titanium AM services and systems:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>C\u00f4ng ty<\/th><th>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Ph\u1ee5 gia GE<\/td><td>Hoa K\u1ef3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Velo3D<\/td><td>Hoa K\u1ef3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3D Systems<\/td><td>Hoa K\u1ef3<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Trumpf<\/td><td>n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EOS<\/td><td>n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>These companies offer a range of titanium AM equipment, materials, and part production services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Titanium AM part costs depend on:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Part size<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Larger parts require more material and build time.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Production volume<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 High volumes distribute costs over more parts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Titanium alloys have higher material costs than steels.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Post-processing<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 Additional processing steps increase costs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Buy vs outsource<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 AM system acquisition costs vs. contract manufacturing costs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Titanium AM is economically viable for low volume complex parts. It competes against subtractive methods like CNC machining.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder.jpg\" alt=\"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan \" class=\"wp-image-2191\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder.jpg 600w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Pure-Titanium-Powder-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">M\u00e1y \u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 Olympus<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Challenges of titanium additive manufacturing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Some ongoing challenges with titanium AM include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High residual stresses can cause part distortions and defects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Achieving consistent mechanical properties comparable to wrought materials.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anisotropic material behavior depending on build orientation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limited size capability compared to other manufacturing methods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Process inconsistencies between AM machines and repeatability issues.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High upfront system costs and material pricing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lack of qualified operators and subject matter experts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>However, ongoing advances are helping overcome many of these limitations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Future Outlook for titanium additive manufacturing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The future outlook for titanium AM is positive:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Expanding range of alloys and material options specially formulated for AM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Larger build volumes enabling bigger parts and higher productivity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved quality, surface finish, material properties closer to wrought materials.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Developments in in-situ inspection, process monitoring and control.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hybrid manufacturing combining AM with CNC machining and other methods.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Growth across aerospace, medical, automotive, and industrial gas turbine sectors.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Broader adoption as AM system costs decrease and expertise increases.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Titanium AM has huge potential to transform supply chains across multiple industries as the technology continues maturing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Choosing a Titanium AM Service Bureau<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are tips when selecting a titanium AM service provider:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Review their specific experience and examples with titanium parts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Look for complete end-to-end capabilities including post-processing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evaluate their quality systems and certifications like ISO and AS9100.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assess their engineering support and design for AM knowledge.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consider location and logistics for fast turnaround.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Understand their AM equipment capabilities and capacity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compare pricing models (per part, volume discounts etc.).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Check lead times and on-time delivery track record.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Review customer testimonials and satisfaction levels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Choosing the right partner ensures high quality parts delivered on time and on budget.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pros and Cons of Titanium AM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Advantages and limitations of titanium AM:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Design freedom enables complex geometries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lightweighting through lattices and topology optimization.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Faster prototyping and limited production runs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consolidate assemblies into single parts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Customized medical devices tailored to anatomy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduced material waste compared to machining.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Relatively high production costs compared to other processes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Limitations on maximum part size.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Post-processing often required to improve finish.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anisotropic material properties.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Standards and codes still in development.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Specialized expertise required for design and processing.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For low-to-medium volumes of complex titanium parts, AM is a game changing technology despite some persistent limitations as the technology matures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder.jpg\" alt=\"S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia Titan \" class=\"wp-image-2164\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder.jpg 600w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/PREP-Refractory-Titanium-Alloy-Powder-100x100.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Questions<\/th><th>Answers<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Which AM process is best suited for titanium?<\/td><td>Powder bed fusion like DMLS and EBM allow full melting to achieve near wrought properties.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Does titanium AM require any support structures?<\/td><td>Yes, most titanium AM processes require removable support structures.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What post-processing is typically needed for titanium AM parts?<\/td><td>Most parts need support removal, machining, and often hot isostatic pressing.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What industries use titanium AM the most?<\/td><td>Aerospace, medical, automotive, and oil and gas are leading adopters of titanium AM.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>What material properties can be expected with titanium AM?<\/td><td>With optimal parameters, properties approach 90-100% of wrought materials.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/danh-muc-san-pham\/3d-printing-metal-powder\/titanium-based-alloy-powder\/\">Titanium additive manufacturing<\/a> enables breakthrough designs and lightweight components across aerospace, medical, automotive, and other high-value sectors. As the technology continues to mature, broader titanium AM adoption can be expected across more industries to transform supply chains and enable next-generation products.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/3D_printing_processes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">bi\u1ebft th\u00eam quy tr\u00ecnh in 3D<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is revolutionizing production across industries. This guide provides an in-depth look at AM technologies for titanium parts, including processes, materials, applications, post-processing, quality control, and more. Overview of titanium additive manufacturing Titanium is a strong, lightweight metal ideal for high-performance applications like aerospace and medical. Additive manufacturing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2165,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2363","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2363"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2363\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2364,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2363\/revisions\/2364"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2363"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2363"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/met3dp.sg\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2363"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}